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National Liberal Party-Brătianu
The National Liberal Party-Brătianu ((ルーマニア語、モルドバ語():Partidul Național Liberal-Brătianu), PNL;〔To its followers, the party was simply known as the ''National Liberal Party'', and the acronym ''PNL'' was kept to refer to both groupings; ''Brătianu'' or, occasionally, ''Gheorghe I. Brătianu'', was only added to the name in order avoid confusion. The competition over legitimacy, with its implications in naming, was similar with the one experienced later by the National Liberal Party-Tătărescu.〕 also known as Georgiști - "Georgists", from the name of their leader, Gheorghe I. Brătianu)〔Commonly rendered as ''George'' instead of ''Gheorghe''.〕 was a right-wing political party in Romania, formed as a splinter group from the main liberal faction, the National Liberals. For its symbol, PNL-Brătianu chose three vertical bars, placed at equal distance from each other. The Georgists' official voice was ''Mișcarea'', a journal that supported an eponymous publishing house;〔Gruber, Cap.II〕 notably, ''Mișcarea'' published art chronicles contributed by the writer Tudor Arghezi.〔''G.M.Cantacuzino''〕
The National Liberal Party-Brătianu was active between June 15, 1930 and January 10, 1938.〔Scurtu, p.16, 17〕 Notable members of the group, other than its founder Brătianu, included the historians Ștefan Ciobanu, Constantin C. Giurescu, Scarlat Lambrino, Constantin S. Nicolăescu-Plopşor, Petre P. Panaitescu, Victor Papacostea, and Aurelian Sacerdoţeanu, the geographer Simion Mehedinți, the novelist Mihail Sadoveanu, the actor and poet Mihail Codreanu, the linguist Alexandru Rosetti, the jurist Paul Negulescu, the Romanian Army general Artur Văitoianu, and the lawyer Mihai Antonescu;〔Achim, p.158; Gruber, Cap.II; Ornea, p.328; Otu, "Adevărul...", p.26〕 it was primarily intellectual in appeal, and was especially involved in recruiting members of social and cultural elites, whom it placed at the top of its political hierarchy.〔Gruber, Cap.I〕
Unlike the main PNL's program of protectionism and selective interventionism, Gheorghe I. Brătianu's party advocated economic liberalism. It fused these ideals with nationalist demands, including, in reference to belonging to the many businesses owned by ethnic minority businessmen, the Romanianization of industry.〔Gruber, Cap.III〕 However, as the Great Depression began to affect Romania, it recommended a government monopoly over the financial market;〔Gruber, Cap.IV〕 Its nationalist discourse was itself tempered from inside the group: while welcoming minorities inside its structures,〔Achim, p.158; Gruber, Cap.VI〕 it condemned the far right and anti-Semitic doctrines (including, notably, the Jewish quota proposed by Romanian Front and the National Christian Party).〔Gruber, Cap.VI〕
==History==
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